shut [ʃʌt] v. 关门
bedroom [ˈbedrum] n. 卧室
untidy [ʌnˈtaidi] adj. 乱的，不整洁的
【构】un（表示否定意义的前缀）＋tidy（整洁的）＝untidy（不整洁的）
【扩】tousy 凌乱的
* * *
A: How can you live in such an untidy room?
B: I really have no time to clean it.
A：你怎么能住在这么乱的房间里面？
B：我确实没时间去整理。
* * *
must [mʌst] modal verb 必须，应该
open [ˈəupən] v. 打开
【派】opening 孔，口子 opener 开启工具
【反】close 关上
* * *
A: When will the museum open today?
B: Unfortunately, it is closed today.
A：博物馆今天几点开馆？
B：很遗憾，今天闭馆。
* * *
air [ɛə] v. 使……通风，换换空气
put [put] v. 放置
【搭】put on 穿上 put up 举起
put off 推迟 put out 扑灭
* * *
A: Put it in that corner, please.
B: I can't lift it. It's so heavy.
A：请把它放到那个角落去。
B：我提不动，它太重了。
* * *
clothes [kləuðz] n. 衣服
wardrobe [ˈwɔːdrəub] n. 衣柜
dust [dʌst] v. 弹掉灰尘
【派】dusting 清扫 dustless 无尘的
* * *
A: Please dust the shelves.
B: OK. I'll finish it soon.
A：请掸掸柜子上的灰。
B：好的，马上完成。
* * *
sweep [swiːp] v. 扫
【派】sweeping 清除，清扫
【扩】broom 扫把
【搭】sweep off 拂去 sweep away 驱散
* * *
A: Can you sweep the floor for me?
B: OK. Pass me the broom.
A：能帮我把地扫扫吗？
B：好的，把扫把递给我吧。
Lesson 30 What must I do? 我应该做什么?
empty [ˈempti] v. 倒空；使……变空
【派】emptying 倒空
* * *
A: Empty the bowl and wash it.
B: Why don't you do it yourself?
A：把碗里的东西倒了，再把碗给洗了。
B：你为什么不自己去做呢？
* * *
read [riːd] v. 读
【派】reading 阅读 reader 读者
【扩】peruse 熟读，阅读
【搭】read books 看书
* * *
A: What's your hobby?
B: I like reading very much.
A：你的爱好是什么？
B：我很喜欢阅读。
* * *
sharpen [ˈʃɑːpən] v. 削尖，使锋利
put on [ˈput-ɔn] 穿上
【搭】put on weight 增加体重
* * *
A: Put on your coat. It's cold outside.
B: I didn't bring a coat with me at all.
A：把你的外套穿上，外面冷。
B：我压根就没带外套来。
* * *
take off [ˈteik-ɔf] 脱掉
turn on [ˈtəːn-ɔn] 开（电灯等）
turn off [ˈtəːn-ɔf] 关（电灯等）
* * *
A: Turn off the television. I don't want to watch it now.
B: But where is the remote control?
A：把电视关了吧，我不想看了。
B：但是遥控器在哪儿呢？
verb [vt. 及物动词]关闭，合上；把…关在；<英>（使）停止运作，（使）停止营业；禁止通行，封闭 - A strike has shut the factory.
adjective [原级]关闭的，关上的；<英>打烊的，停止营业的 - The door swung shut with a bang.
noun [抽象名词]关闭 - The door banged shut behind her.
noun [专属名词]卧室 - The main bedroom is enormous.
adjective [原级]两性关系的；城郊住宅区的 - The bedroom windows give on to the street.
adjective [原级]不整洁的，凌乱的；懒散的；不干净利落的，不简练的；不适宜的 - My room looks very untidy.
verb [vt. 及物动词]使不整洁；使杂乱无章 - His uniform was crumpled and untidy.
adjective [原级]整洁的，有条理的；（人）爱整洁的，爱整齐的；<非正式>（款额）巨大的；相当好的，令人满意的 - Something that is tidy is neat and is arranged in an organized way.
verb [vt. 及物动词]使整洁，整理 - When you tidy a place such as a room or cupboard, you make it neat by putting things in their proper places.
noun [抽象名词]盛零碎物品的容器；<英>整理，收拾；<美>（椅子靠背的）罩单，套子 - I'm very impressed by your tidiness and order.
verb [情态动词]（表示必要或很重要）必须；（用于表示肯定推测）一定，谅必；（提出建议）应该；（用于表示意图）一定要，坚持要；（用于表示同情）必定；（用于问句中表示生气）非要 ；（用于感叹句，表示惊讶或震惊）一定是 - You use must to indicate that it is necessary for something to happen, usually because of a rule or law.
noun [抽象名词]<非正式>必不可少的事物；（发酵前或发酵中的）葡萄汁；潮气，霉菌；（尤指发情期的公象、雄骆驼等的）狂暴状态（=musth） - If you refer to something as a must, you mean that it is absolutely necessary.
adjective [原级]开放的，营业的；开着的，敞开的；（身体部位）张开的；未封的；未系好的，未扣上的；露天的；开阔的，未围上的；无顶的，无遮盖的；开放式的；可通行的，畅通的；伸开的，展开的；坦率的；不保密的，公开的；会受到…的，会被…的；人人可以参加的，对公众开放的 - Without warning, Bardo smacked his fist into his open hand.
verb [vt. 及物动词]开，打开；开封，开启；（使）（眼睛）睁开；张开（嘴巴）；翻开；展开；开放（被封的道路、边界等）；（使）开始营业，（使）开门 ；（使）开张，（使）开办；为（大楼等）举行揭幕典礼；（股市）开盘，开市；着手；上映，开幕 - If you open something such as a bottle, box, parcel, or envelope, you move, remove, or cut part of it so you can take out what is inside.
noun [抽象名词]户外，野外（the open） ；公开状态，众所周知（the open）；公开赛（Open）；电流意外断路 - He was there, though, for the official opening.
noun [专属名词]大气，空气；空中，天空；乘坐飞机，航空；神态，氛围；曲调，旋律；装腔作势，做作；空气媒质；气，风 - Draughts help to circulate air.
verb [vt. 及物动词]使公开，宣扬；（使）通风；（使）晾干，（使）烘干；播送，播放；<古>出去透气；<古>炫耀，夸示 - One day a week her mother cleaned and aired each room.
verb [vt. 及物动词]放，安置；猛推，用力插入；将…送往，使…前往；使与…连接，安装；（在…上）书写，记；使处于（某状态或情况）；使受到…的影响；给予（重视、信任、价值等）；把…视为（或列为）；说，表达；推（铅球）；（船）（沿某个方向）行驶；给…估 （值）；提出（问题或建议）；谱曲 - Leaphorn put the photograph on the desk.
noun [抽象名词]（铅球或铁饼的）投掷，推；（股票）PUT OPTION 的简称 - She's put her hair up.
adjective [原级]固定不动的 - Mary ate more than the rest of us put together.
noun [专属名词]衣服，衣物；（在特定场合、特定时间或由特定人群穿着的）服装，礼服；被褥 - Moira walked upstairs to change her clothes.
noun [专属名词]衣柜，衣橱；（某人的）全部服装；（剧院、电视台等的）服装部，戏装管理部 - Her wardrobe consists primarily of huge cashmere sweaters and tiny Italian sandals.
noun [专属名词]壁橱，储藏室；隐秘状态（尤指同性恋身份）；<古>盥洗室，厕所 - That's the closet?
verb [vt. 及物动词]把…关在房间；把…带入房间密谈 - I put it in the closet. You put it in the closet?
adjective [原级]秘密的，不公开的 - That is a closet.
noun [专属名词]沙尘；灰尘；粉末；尘雾；除尘，掸灰；<文>尸骨，遗骸；<文>凡身，肉体 - Dust is the very small pieces of dirt which you find inside buildings, for example, on furniture, floors, or lights.
verb [vt. 及物动词]擦去…的灰尘；把粉末撒于；<美，非正式>狠揍，杀死（某人） - When you dust something such as furniture, you remove dust from it, usually using a cloth.
verb [vt. 及物动词]打扫，清除；（目光）扫视，（灯光）掠过；（快速地）带走，卷走；（尤指快速有力地）移动，冲；（风、汹涌的海水等）席卷，横扫；风行，迅速蔓延；（使）轻轻擦过 - If you sweep things off something, you push them off with a quick smooth movement of your arm.
noun [具体名词]打扫，扫除；挥动，掠；巡行，扫荡； （某事物的）广度，范围；绵延弯曲的地带（或水域）；楼前车道的弧形部分 - With one sweep of her hand she threw back the sheets.
① vt. 扫，打扫
- She sweeps the floor/the room every morning.
② vt. （风）吹；刮
- A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof. sweep sth. away 把……刮走
- The newspaper has been swept away by the wind.
adjective [原级]空的；空洞的，无意义的；空虚的；无知的，愚蠢的；无用的，徒劳的 - The room was bare and empty.
verb [vt. 及物动词]清空；变空；流入；使失去 - The bottle's nearly empty.
noun [具体名词]空容器 - The empty boat drifted out to sea.
verb [vt. 及物动词]阅读，读懂；朗读；（在书籍、报纸等中）读到，看到；解读，（按某种方式）理解；看透（想法或心思）；读起来（给人以某种印象）；有…的字样，写着；换用，改作（用于订正讹误）；读取 - When you read a piece of writing to someone, you say the words aloud.
noun [具体名词]<英，非正式>阅读，阅读时间；<英，非正式>读物；<美>解释，阐明 - I settled down to have a good read.
adjective [原级]博学的，有学问的 - Have you read this book?
作为动词：
- 表示阅读、理解文字：例如，I like to read novels in my free time.（我喜欢在空闲时间读小说。）
- 表示朗读、念出：例如，She read the poem aloud to the class.（她向班级大声朗读了那首诗。）
作为名词：
- 表示已经阅读过的内容：例如，I have a long reading list for this summer.（我有一个很长的暑假阅读清单。）
- 表示文学作品：例如，He enjoys classic reads.（他喜欢经典的文学作品。）
衍生短语和习语：
- Read up on: 研究、学习某个主题或领域的知识。例如，I need to read up on the latest research in neuroscience.（我需要研究一下神经科学领域的最新研究。）
- Read between the lines: 阅读行间之意，从言外之意中理解真正的含义。例如，His message was vague, but I could read between the lines and understand what he meant.（他的话含糊不清，但我能够读懂其中的言外之意，理解他的意思。）
- Read someone like a book: 轻易看透某人的想法和意图。例如，She can read him like a book; she knows exactly what he's thinking.（她能轻易看透他的想法，她清楚地知道他在想什么。）
常见的短语
"read"与许多不同的短语和表达搭配使用。以下是一些常见的例子：
1. Read a book: 阅读一本书
2. Read a newspaper: 阅读报纸
3. Read a magazine: 阅读杂志
4. Read an article: 阅读一篇文章
5. Read a poem: 朗读一首诗
6. Read a story: 阅读一个故事
7. Read a novel: 阅读一本小说
8. Read a biography: 阅读一本传记
9. Read a document: 阅读文件
10. Read a manual: 阅读操作手册
11. Read a contract: 阅读合同
12. Read a letter: 阅读一封信
13. Read a text: 阅读一个文本
14. Read a blog: 阅读博客
15. Read a tweet: 阅读推文
16. Read a recipe: 阅读食谱
17. Read a label: 阅读标签
18. Read a map: 阅读地图
19. Read a sign: 阅读标志牌
20. Read someone's mind: 猜透某人的想法
这些短语表示了不同的阅读对象，可以根据具体情境来选择适当的搭配。同时，还有许多其他与"read"相关的短语和习语，如"read up on"（研究、学习某个主题），"read between the lines"（领悟言外之意），"read like a book"（了解某人的想法和意图）等。
verb [vt. 及物动词]（使）变锋利（尖锐，清晰）；（使）改善，提高；（使）加剧 - Her gaze sharpened, as if she had seen something unusual.
verb [vt. 及物动词]穿上：指穿戴衣物、饰品等；上演：指表演、演出等；增加：指体重、重量等的增加。 - The band are hoping to put on a UK show before the end of the year...
verb [vt. 及物动词]起飞：指飞机离开地面，开始在空中飞行。脱下：指从身体上移除衣物、鞋子等。突然成功：指某人或事物迅速获得成功或受欢迎。 - We eventually took off at 11 o'clock and arrived in Venice at 1.30.
verb [vt. 及物动词]打开：启动或开启某个设备或系统。使兴奋：使某人感到兴奋或激动。 - He could also turn on the style when the occasion demanded.
verb [vt. 及物动词]关闭：停止使用或使某物停止运行，如关灯、关电视等。令人反感：使人不喜欢或不感兴趣的事物或特点。 - I have to get up and turn off the radio.
