control [kənˈtrəul] n. 控制
【派】controlment 控制
【扩】mastering 控制，掌握
【搭】under control 处于控制之中
* * *
A: It's out of control. What should I do?
B: You'd better call for help right now.
A：它已经失控了，我该怎么办？
B：你最好马上打电话求助。
* * *
smoke [sməuk] n. 烟
desolate [ˈdesəleit] adj. 荒凉的
【派】desolation 荒芜
【扩】lorn 荒凉的 stark 荒凉的
* * *
A: We saw few houses in the desolate valley.
B: There is hardly any people living here.
A：在这荒凉的山谷里，我们很少见到房子。
B：这儿几乎没什么人住。
* * *
threaten [ˈθretn] v. 威胁
【派】threatening 威胁的
【扩】menace 威胁
【搭】threaten sb. to do sth.
威胁某人做某事
* * *
A: I don't mean to threaten you.
B: Then why do you say that?
A：我没有威胁你的意思。
B：那你为什么说这些话？
* * *
surrounding [səˈraundiŋ] adj. 周围的
destruction [diˈstrʌkʃən] n. 破坏，毁灭
* * *
A: The storm caused great destruction.
B: We should reconstruct our homeland.
A：风暴造成了很大的破坏。
B：我们要重建家园。
* * *
flood [flʌd] n. 洪水，水灾
authority [ɔːˈθɔriti] n. （常用复数）当局
* * *
A: We can't start the job until we have the approval from the authority concerned.
B: When can you get it then?
A：没有有关当局的批准我们不能开始这项工作。
B：那你们什么时候能得到批准呢？
* * *
grass-seed [ˈɡrɑːs-ˌsiːd] 草籽
spray [sprei] v. 喷撒
quantity [ˈkwɔntəti] n. 量
【扩】quantum 量，额
* * *
A: What is the minimum quantity of an order for your goods?
B: Five hundred sets.
A：你们这种产品的起订量是多少？
B：500套。
* * *
root [ruːt] n. 根
【扩】origin 起源
【派】rootless 没有根的
* * *
A: In just a few days its root will strike deep into the earth.
B: I can't imagine that it grows so fast.
A：要不了几天，它的根就会深深地扎入土中。
B：我真不敢想象它长得那么快。
* * *
century [ˈsentʃəri] n. 世纪
* * *
A: It was invented in the 20th century.
B: But it's still very popular now.
A：它是20世纪发明的。
B：但它现在仍然很流行。
* * *
patch [pætʃ] n. 小片
blacken [ˈblækən] v. 变黑，发暗
* * *
A: Clouds blacken the heavens.
B: Maybe it will rain soon.
A：云遮暗了天。
B：也许很快就要下雨了。
noun [专属名词]（对国家、地区、机构等的）控制权，支配权；控制能力；操纵装置；管理，管制；指挥（或检查、控制）站，指挥（或检查、控制）人员；（键盘上的）控制键 - The restructuring involves Mr. Ronson giving up control of the company.
verb [vt. 及物动词]控制，掌管；限制，限定；阻止蔓延（或恶化）；操纵，控制（机器或系统等）；抑制，克制 - The people who control an organization or place have the power to make all the important decisions about the way that it is run.
under control 在控制之下,被控制
- get sth. under control 使...处理控制之下(动态)
- in control 在控制之内
be under cont 一静处理控制之也(静态)
out of control 失控(动态)
be out of control 控制之外(静态)
- I can control it. = I can manage it. 我能对付(口语)
- control one' s emoton
- control the budet
noun [专属名词]燃烧所产生的）烟，烟雾；吸烟，抽烟；<非正式>（抽的）香烟，（吸的）毒品； <英，非正式>（伦敦之类的）大城市（the Smoke）；无常的事物 - Smoke had blackened the walls.
verb [vi. 不及物动词]吸烟，吸毒品；（作为习惯）抽烟；冒烟，冒气；用烟熏制；（战斗或竞赛中）彻底击败；<美，非正式>开枪杀死（某人）；<美，非正式>用力快击（球）；弥漫 - Someone came out for a smoke.
full of smoke 充满烟雾
smokey adj. 多烟的（名词加-y, 变为形容词）
- smokey area 吸烟区
- nonsmokey area 禁烟区
smoker n. 抽烟的人
- heavy smoker 烟瘾重的人
- nonsmoker 不抽烟的人
smoke v. 吸烟
- Don't smoke! = No smoking! He smoked heavily.
- smoking area / smoking room 吸烟室
- smoking apartment 火车上的吸烟车厢
cigarette = cigar n. 香烟
adjective [原级]荒无人烟的，荒凉的；凄凉的，孤独忧伤的 - He was desolate without her.
verb [vt. 及物动词]使悲痛欲绝，使孤独凄凉；使荒凉，使成废墟 - Today it's pretty desolate, barren and extremely hot.
desolate adj. 荒凉的（与地方相连，表示无人居住, 荒无人烟的）;极度孤独的(与人相连时)
lonely adj. 孤独的，荒凉的，偏僻的（与地方连表示孤零零的，但并不表示无人居住）
verb [vt. 及物动词]威胁，恐吓；危及，对…构成威胁；预示凶兆，有…危险 - He said army officers had threatened to destroy the town.
threaten to do sth. 威胁着要做……（与人相连）；有迹象表明……
- It threatened to rain. 有迹象表明天要下雨了。
threaten A with B 用B来威胁A
- threaten sb. with sth. 以……来威胁/恐吓某人
- The thief threatened him with a knife.
- The whole village is threatened with destruction.
- threaten the village with destruction
adjective [原级]周围的，附近的 - We searched the surrounding neighbourhood for the missing boy.
verb [vt. 及物动词]围绕，环绕；包围，围住；与…紧密相连（或相关）（surround 的现在分词形式） - The shell surrounding the egg has many important functions.
noun [专属名词]破坏，摧毁 - In the poem he laments the destruction of the countryside.
verb [vt. 及物动词]（使）淹没；泛滥；大量涌来，大量涌去；（感觉或回忆）涌上心头；（光线）倾泻，照亮；（使）溢流；（产后等）子宫出血过多，月经过多 - If something such as a river or a burst pipe floods an area that is usually dry or if the area floods, it becomes covered with water.
noun [具体名词]洪水，水灾；大批，大量（的人或事物）；<文>（海洋、江河等）大水体 - If you say that a flood of people or things arrive somewhere, you are emphasizing that a very large number of them arrive there.
flood = floods 都对，都可以用，无区别
noun [专属名词]专家，权威人士；行政管理机构；权利，权限；权威，威信；许可，授权；当局，官方 - This provided a pretext for the authorities to cancel the elections.
- the forest authorities 林业局
- the French authorities 法国政府
noun [专属名词]草籽，草种子 - Scatter the grass seed over the lawn.
noun [专属名词]喷雾液体，喷剂；喷雾器；喷，喷涂；喷雾状物；浪花，飞沫；（用作装饰的）小树枝，小花枝；（戴在身上的）一簇花，枝状饰物 - The moon was casting a rainbow through the spray from the waterfall.
verb [vt. 及物动词]喷，喷洒（液体）；（使）飞溅，（使）飞散；喷农药；在…上喷涂料（或油漆）；向…扫射（子弹）；用于体育运动中踢（或击、扔）（方向不定或不准的球）；撒尿（以示领地占有）；（臭鼬）用臭液弄湿 - He ran to the top of the building, spraying bullets into shoppers below.
spray sth. over/on 往……上喷洒
- spray water over/on flower
- spray grass-seed over/on the ground
noun [抽象名词]量，数目；大量，大批；（尤指和质量相对的）数量；（语音）音量；值，参量；代表数量（或参量）的数（或符号） - Is it available in sufficient quantity?
quantities of 大量的……
- a huge / large / small quantity of sth.
- do sth. in huge / large / small quantities
noun [具体名词]（植物的）根，根茎；根用作物；（头发、牙齿、指甲等的）根部；底部，基部；根源，起因；起源，背景；（某人的）祖籍（roots）；与…的特殊关联（roots in）；（圣经）根苗，苗裔；（语言学）词根；（乐）根音（=root note）；（数学）方根；（神经的）根；<澳新，俚>性交；<澳新，俚>（有明确性能的）性交伙伴 - I am proud of my Brazilian roots.
verb [vt. 及物动词]（使）生根；扎根于，在…中根深蒂固；根源在于，由…产生（be rooted in）；使（某人）无法移动；（动物）用鼻拱土觅食；翻找，搜寻；<澳新，俚>与…性交；使精疲力竭，挫败 - Most plants will root in about six to eight weeks.
- What is the root cause? 根本原因是什么？
- Money is a root of all evils
root of… ……的根
- take root 生根
- come out 长出来
shoot come out 发芽（shoot n. 芽）
- flower come out 开花
get out 出去
noun [专属名词]世纪；一百年；（板球）一百分 - A century is any period of a hundred years.
noun [专属名词]补丁，补片；（保护受伤眼睛的）眼罩；<美>（衣服上的）徽章，标识；药膏，胶布；（与周围部分不同的）斑，小块；小片，碎片；（尤指园艺用的）一小块地；熟悉的地方，家乡；<非正式> 属地，管辖地；一段时间；<史>（尤指17、18世纪妇女装饰用的）饰颜片，美人斑；（软件的）补丁程序 - He had a black patch over one eye.
verb [vt. 及物动词]修补，缝补；使出现斑块；临时连接，临时接入（通信系统）；（计算机）（用补丁对程序进行）修正，打补丁；解决；拼凑，匆匆制成 - We can patch up those holes.
patch n. (平面上的)一片, 补丁(本意)
- What is that yellow patch on the wall? 墙上那块黄斑是什么？
a patch of 一小片
patches of 许多片
- There are patches of cloud in the sky.
- a piece of / a bit of / a sheet of 一片，一块……
verb [vt. 及物动词]使变黑；诽谤，诋毁 - They're trying to blacken our name.
- The smoke has blacken the walls. 烟把墙熏黑了。
-en 后缀表示动词，译为“使……变得……”
weak adj. 虚弱的 ——> weaken v. 使……变弱，削弱复合词（由两个词组合而成一个词），如 fireman派生词（加前缀或后缀的词）如-tion —— 名词后缀； - less —— 形容词后缀