Lesson 42 Modern cavemen 【单词列表】

caveman [ˈkeivmən] n. (远古)洞穴人

pot-holing [ˈpɔt-ˌhəuliŋ] n. 洞穴探险,洞穴探险运动

solitude [ˈsɔlitjuːd] n. 孤独,寂寞

【例】They want to search for a place where they could live in solitude.

   他们想要寻找一个可以过隐居生活的地方。

【扩】loneliness 孤独,寂寞

【搭】live in solitude 独处

lure [luə] v. 引诱,诱惑

【扩】invite 引诱

【搭】bring sb. to the lure 引某人上钩

* * *

A: Don't lure her away from her duty.

B: Take it easy. I didn't do that.

A:不要引诱她离开职守。

B:放心,我没有那么做。

* * *

pot-holer [ˈpɔt-həulə] n. 洞穴探险者

rambler [ˈræmblə] n. 漫步者,散步者

undertaking [ˈʌndəˌteikiŋ] n. 任务,工作

【扩】task 工作,任务

* * *

A: It is a risky undertaking.

B: That's why I want to join in.

A:那是一个冒险的任务。

B:这才是我想要加入的原因。

* * *

foresight [ˈfɔːsait] n. 预见,深谋远虑

【构】fore(在……之前)+sight(看见)=foresight(预见)

【扩】foresee 预见

* * *

A: He is a man of foresight.

B: Yes, I often go to ask his opinion when I can't make a decision.

A:他是个有先见之明的人。

B:是的,我拿不定主意的时候总是去问他。

* * *

foretell [fɔːˈtel] (foretold [fɔːˈtəuld], foretold) v. 预言

Grenoble [ɡriˈnəubl] n. 格里诺布尔

chasm [ˈkæzəm] n. 断层,裂口,陷坑

【例】The chasm must be filled up.

   这个深坑必须填平。

【扩】rift 裂口  gape 裂口

flaw [flɔː] n. 小裂缝,缺点,瑕疵

distinguished [diˈstiŋɡwiʃt] adj. 杰出的,著名的

【扩】eximious 杰出的  crackaiack 杰出的

* * *

A: She is a distinguished lawyer.

B: Yes, nearly every person in this field knows her.

A:她是一位杰出的律师。

B:是的,这一领域几乎人人都认识她。

* * *

wade [weid] v. 涉水

waterfall [ˈwɔːtəfɔːl] n. 瀑布

【构】water(水)+fall(落下)=waterfall(瀑布)

【扩】sault 瀑布  linn 瀑布

* * *

A: I'm really looking forward to our ten-mile hike tomorrow.

B: Me too. I'd like to make it to that waterfall by noon.

A:我真向往明天的10英里远足。

B:我也是。我希望中午可以走到瀑布。

* * *

gear [ɡiə] n. (汽车)排档

inflatable [inˈfleitəbl] adj. 可充气的

【搭】an inflatable mattress 充气床垫

* * *

A: You can send an inflatable tiger to your nephew.

B: Good idea. He is fond of this kind of toys.

A:你可以送一个充气的老虎给你侄子。

B:好主意,他很喜欢这一类的玩具。

* * *

rubble [ˈrʌbl] n. 碎瓦,瓦块

insistent [inˈsistənt] adj. 连续的,不断的

【派】insistently 坚持地

【扩】successive 连续的  seriate 连续发生的

* * *

A: The boy's insistent cries almost broke my heart.

B: So you should take care of your child more carefully in the future.

A:孩子不停地哭,差点把我心疼死。

B:所以你以后照顾孩子要更加细心。

* * *

boom [buːm] v. 轰响

waterspout [ˈwɔːtəspaut] n. 强大的水柱

cleft [kleft] n. 裂隙,开口

【例】Squeezing through a cleft in the rocks, the pot-holers arrived at an enormous cavern.

   洞穴探险者从岩石缝里挤身过去,来到一个巨大的洞里。

cavern [ˈkævən] n. 大洞穴

stalagmite [ˈstæləɡmait] n. 石笋

stalactite [ˈstæləktait] n. 钟乳石

limestone [ˈlaimstəun] n. 石灰石

【构】lime(石灰)+stone(石头)=limestone(石灰石)

【例】Limestone is widely used in our life.

   石灰石在我们生活中的用途十分广泛。

glisten [ɡlisən] v. 闪烁

eerie [ˈiəri] adj. 引起恐惧的,可怕的

【派】eeriness 阴森

【例】It's eerie to walk through a dark wood at night.

   夜晚在漆黑的树林中走真恐怖。

【扩】horrific 令人恐惧的  macabre 恐怖的

【搭】eerie sound 怪声

dome [dəum] n. 穹窿,圆顶

 

caveman

/ˈkeɪvmæn/n. (远古)洞穴人
Cavemen were people in prehistoric times who lived mainly in caves. 穴居人; 史前时代居住在洞穴里的人

noun [专属名词](史前石器时代的)穴居人;野人 - Part of the fault lies with our inner caveman.

pot-holing

/ˈpɒtˌhəʊlɪŋ/n. 洞穴探险,洞穴探险运动
Potholing is the leisure activity of going into underground caves and tunnels. 洞穴探险

noun [专属名词]洞穴探险 - If you have any difficulty, go to my friends in the pot-holing club.

solitude

🇬🇧/ˈsɒlətjuːd/ 🇺🇸/ˈsɑːlətuːd/n. 孤独,寂寞
Solitude is the state of being alone, especially when this is peaceful and pleasant. 独处

noun [抽象名词]独居,独处(I love tranquil solitude.),孤独;偏僻的地方,无人居住的地方 - He enjoyed his moments of solitude before the pressures of the day began in earnest.

lure *

🇬🇧/lʊə(r)/ 🇺🇸/lʊr/v. 引诱,诱惑
To lure someone means to trick them into a particular place or to trick them into doing something that they should not do. 引诱

verb [vt. 及物动词]引诱,诱惑 - He lured her to his home and shot her with his father's gun.

noun [抽象名词]诱惑(物),诱惑力;鱼饵,诱饵 - A lure is an object which is used to attract animals, especially fish, so that they can be caught.

pot-holer

/'pɔt,həulə/n. 洞穴探险者
A potholer is someone who goes into underground caves and tunnels as a leisure activity. 下潜洞穴者

noun [专属名词]洞穴探险者 - Precautions of this sort are necessary, FOR it is impossible to FORetell the exact nature of the difficulties which will confront the pot-holer.

undertaking

🇬🇧/ˌʌndəˈteɪkɪŋ/ 🇺🇸/ˌʌndərˈteɪkɪŋ/n. 任务,工作
An undertaking is a task or job, especially a large or difficult one. (尤指艰巨的) 任务; 工作

noun [抽象名词]任务,企业;许诺,保证;丧葬业,殡仪业 - Organizing the show has been a massive undertaking.

verb [vt. 及物动词]承担,从事;承诺,答应;<英>在内侧行驶时赶上并超越(另一辆车)(undertake 的现在分词形式) - Making the house habitable was a major undertaking.

foresight

🇬🇧/ˈfɔːsaɪt/ 🇺🇸/ˈfɔːrsaɪt/n. 预见;深谋远虑
Someone's foresight is their ability to see what is likely to happen in the future and to take appropriate action. 先见之明

noun [抽象名词]先见之明;(枪的)前准星;前视 - They had the foresight to invest in new technology.

foretell

🇬🇧/fɔːˈtel/ 🇺🇸/fɔːrˈtel/v. 预言
If you foretell a future event, you predict that it will happen. 预言

verb [vt. 及物动词]预言,预测 - Can he foretell anything to me?

Grenoble

🇬🇧/ɡrəˈnəubl/ 🇺🇸/ɡrəˈnoʊbəl/n. 格里诺布尔
Grenoble is the prefecture and largest city of the Isère department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of southeastern France.

noun [专属名词]格勒诺布尔(法国东南部城市) - None of them were in Grenoble .

chasm

/ˈkæzəm/n. 断层,裂口,陷坑
A chasm is a very deep crack in rock, earth, or ice. (岩石、地面或冰上的) 大裂口

noun [专属名词]峡谷;裂口;分歧;深坑 - Pat had earlier made a dive of 80 feet from the Chasm Bridge.

flaw

/flɔː/n. 小裂缝
A flaw in something such as a theory or argument is a mistake in it, which causes it to be less effective or valid. (理论或论点中的) 欠缺

noun [抽象名词]缺点,缺陷;裂痕,瑕疵 - There were, however, a number of crucial flaws in his monetary theory.

verb [vi. 不及物动词]削弱,使失效 - to make or become blemished, defective, or imperfect

distinguished

/dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/adj. 杰出的,著名的
If you describe a person or their work as distinguished, you mean that they have been very successful in their career and have a good reputation. 卓著的

adjective [原级]卓越的,杰出的;高贵的,尊贵的 - His suit was immaculately cut and he looked very distinguished.

verb [vt. 及物动词]区别,分清;使有别于;看清,认出(distinguish 的过去式和过去分词形式) - He was the most distinguished scholar in his field.

Everest

/ˈevərɪst/n. 珠穆朗玛峰
any high point of ambition or achievement (抱负或业绩的)最高点

noun [专属名词]难以做到的事;埃佛勒斯峰(西方对珠穆朗玛峰的称呼) - Mount Everest is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas.

wade

/weɪd/v. 涉水
If you wade through something that makes it difficult to walk, usually water or mud, you walk through it. 蹚 (过水、泥等)

verb [vi. 不及物动词]涉水,趟水,艰难地行进;强行介入,干预,插手;艰难地处理,费力地阅读 - Her mother came to find them, wading across a river to reach them.

noun [具体名词]跋涉,涉水,艰难行走 - The pond is deep enough for an adult to wade into but too deep for a child to stand.

waterfall

🇬🇧/ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ 🇺🇸/ˈwɔːtərfɔːl/n. 瀑布
A waterfall is a place where water flows over the edge of a steep, high cliff in hills or mountains, and falls into a pool below. 瀑布

noun [具体名词]瀑布;瀑布似的东西 - As you descend, suddenly you see at last the hidden waterfall.

adjective [原级](一种项目管理方法)瀑布式的 - The water roiled to his left as he climbed carefully at the edge of the waterfall.

gear

🇬🇧/ɡɪə(r)/ 🇺🇸/ɡɪr/n. 一套用具
The gears on a machine or vehicle are a device for changing the rate at which energy is changed into motion. 排挡

noun [具体名词]排挡,齿轮;(用于特定目的的)装备,服装;(做事的)速度,努力;(特定用途的)器械,装置;<非正式>毒品;<非正式>所有物,财物 - The gear involved in a particular activity is the equipment or special clothing that you use. (

verb [vt. 及物动词]使变速,使调挡 - If someone or something is geared to or toward a particular purpose, they are organized or designed in order to achieve that purpose.

inflatable

/ɪnˈfleɪtəbl/adj. 可充气的
An inflatable object is one that you fill with air when you want to use it. 可充气的

adjective [原级]膨胀的,可充气的;得意的 - The children were playing on the inflatable castle.

rubble

/ˈrʌbl/n. 碎瓦
When a building is destroyed, the pieces of brick, stone, or other materials that remain are referred to as rubble. 瓦砾

noun [物质名词](倒塌的墙或建筑留下的)瓦砾,碎石;(建房铺路用的)碎石 - Rubble is used to refer to the small pieces of bricks and stones that are used as a bottom layer on which to build roads, paths, or houses. (

insistent

/ɪnˈsɪstənt/adj. 连续的,不断的
Someone who is insistent keeps insisting that a particular thing should be done or is the case. 坚持的; 坚决的

adjective [原级]坚持的,坚决要求的;再三的,反复的 - An insistent noise or rhythm keeps going on for a long time and holds your attention. (

boom

/buːm/v. 轰响
If there is a boom in the economy, there is an increase in economic activity, for example, in the number of things that are being bought and sold. (经济) 繁荣

noun [抽象名词]繁荣;流行,风靡;隆隆声;吊杆;帆桁;水栅 - An economic boom followed, especially in housing and construction.

verb [vt. 及物动词]迅速发展,繁荣;轰鸣,轰响;用低沉的声音说 - Thunder boomed over Crooked Mountain.

waterspout

🇬🇧/ˈwɔːtəspaʊt/ 🇺🇸/ˈwɔːtərspaʊt/n. 强大的水柱
a tornado occurring over water that forms a column of water and mist extending between the surface and the clouds above 海龙卷

noun [具体名词]海龙卷;排水口 - A waterspout touches down near a boat near Dubrovnik, Croatia, in August 2007. 2007

cleft

/kleft/n. 裂隙,开口
A cleft in a rock or in the ground is a narrow opening in it. 裂口

verb [vt. 及物动词]劈开;分开;迅速穿过;紧挨;坚信;分离(分子);开(路);(细胞)分裂;(诗、文)黏着;专心于;依恋(某人)(cleave的过去式及过去分词) - In general, action potentials that reach the synaptic knobs cause a neurotransmitter to be released into the synaptic cleft.

noun [具体名词](尤指岩石、地表的)裂缝;额头(或下巴)中间的竖缝;(身体)V 字形凹陷 - A cleft in someone's chin is a line down the middle of it. (

adjective [原级](部分)裂成两半的 - If someone has a cleft chin, they have a cleft in their chin. (

cavern

🇬🇧/ˈkævən/ 🇺🇸/ˈkævərn/n. 在洞穴
A cavern is a large, deep cave. 巨穴

noun [具体名词]洞穴;凹处 - Four avenues opened out of the small cavern which the great rock stood in.

verb [vt. 及物动词]挖空;置…于洞穴中 - This cavern knows no philosophers; its dagger has never cut a pen.

stalagmite

🇬🇧/ˈstæləɡmaɪt/ 🇺🇸/stəˈlæɡmaɪt/n. 石笋
A stalagmite is a long piece of rock which sticks up from the floor of a cave. Stalagmites are formed by the slow dropping of water containing the mineral lime. 石笋(长地上的)

noun [专属名词]石笋;石笋状 - Do you know what is a stalagmite?

stalactite

🇬🇧/ˈstæləktaɪt/ 🇺🇸/stəˈlæktaɪt/n. 钟乳石
A stalactite is a long piece of rock which hangs down from the roof of a cave. Stalactites are formed by the slow dropping of water containing the mineral lime. 钟乳石(长顶上的)

noun [专属名词][地质] 钟乳石 - The nose is a manifest congealed drop or stalactite.

limestone

🇬🇧/ˈlaɪmstəʊn/ 🇺🇸/ˈlaɪmstoʊn/n. 石灰石
Limestone is a whitish-coloured rock which is used for building and for making cement. 石灰岩

noun [专属名词][岩] 石灰岩 - The area is being quarried for limestone.

glisten

/ˈɡlɪs(ə)n/v. 闪烁
If something glistens, it shines, usually because it is wet or oily. (因有水或有油而) 发光

verb [vi. 不及物动词]闪光,闪亮 - The calm sea glistened in the sunlight.

noun [抽象名词]闪光,闪耀 - I felt my eyes30 glisten. I was speechless.

dome

🇬🇧/dəʊm/ 🇺🇸/doʊm/n. 穹窿,圆顶
A dome is a round roof. 穹顶

noun [具体名词]穹顶,圆屋顶;半球形物,圆顶状物 - The dome is 42.3 metres in diameter.

verb [vt. 及物动词]变圆,膨胀;加穹顶(状物)于 - The use of steel and concrete has allowed the builders to perch a light concrete dome on eight slender columns.

rambler

🇬🇧/ˈræmblə(r)/ 🇺🇸/ˈræmblər/n. 漫步者,散步者
a weak-stemmed plant, esp any of various cultivated hybrid roses that straggle over other vegetation 攀缘蔷薇

noun [专属名词]漫步者,漫谈者;攀缘蔷薇 - Mick Jagger of the Rolling Stones was singing "Midnight Rambler. ""

eerie

🇬🇧/ˈɪəri/ 🇺🇸/ˈɪri/adj. 引塌恐惧的,可怕的
If you describe something as eerie, you mean that it seems strange and frightening, and makes you feel nervous. 怪异的; 可怕的

adjective [原级]可怕的;怪异的 - I walked down the eerie dark path.