Lesson 26 The best art critics最佳艺术评论家 宾语从句

Many people pretend that they understand modern art.

pretend ^{v.假装、伪装、自诩}

• I pretend that things are really okay when they're not. ^{我在情况不好的时候假装一切真地没事。}
• Sometimes the boy pretended to be asleep. ^{有时候那个男孩子假装睡着了。}
• She can sunbathe and pretend she's in Cancun. ^{她会进行日光浴并假装她是在坎昆。}
• We do not pretend that the past six years have been without problems for us. ^{我们不假称过去的6年对我们来讲是没有问题的。}

They always tell you what a picture is 'about'. ^{特殊疑问句宾语从句} §

They are just pretty patterns.

We like them in the same way that we like pretty curtain material.^定语从句

We like them that we like pretty curtain material in the same way. ^{调整是为了更容易看出来“定语从句”}

in the same way that = as… ^{正如…一样（写作替换）}

• We like them as we like pretty curtain material. ^写作替换
• The son walked in the same way that his father (walked/did). ^{(一样的路)}
• The son walked as his father (walked).^{(走路一样)}
• I love you in the same way that I love my father. ^{我爱你就像我爱我父亲一样。}
• I love you just in the same way that I love money.^{我爱你就像我爱钱一样。}

I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else.

better than anyone else ^{比其他任何人(表示最高级的含义)}

• I can find nothing else here excep an old dictionary.
• They can appreciate modern arts best.
• The teacher is the tallest. ^{用比较级表示最高级}
• The teacher is taller than anyone else. ^{(“else”不能少, 把主语从“anyone”中排除)}
• The book is more expensive than anything else.

My sister is only seven, but she always tells me whether my pictures are good or not. ^{一般疑问句宾语从句}

连接词whether…or not 可以表示选择

• I don’t know whether you are interested (in it) or not.
• You must help him, whether you like him or not. ^{不管你是否喜欢他，你（都）必须帮助他。}

'I'm hanging this picture on the wall,' I answered.

'It's all right,' she said, 'but isn't it upside down?' ^{否定疑问句}

Isn’t it upside down? ＝It’s upside down. ^{没有否定的意思，起肯定、强调作用，表达一种情绪}

• Aren't you lucky? ^{你真幸运啊(难道你不幸运吗)}
• Isn't it a boy? ^{难道不是男孩吗?}

宾语从句^(复合句)

在简单句中，我们的宾语通常是一个名词，名词可以是一个物品也可以是一件事情，物品可以使用单个词说明，但有时候事情比较复杂时，就会变化，所以当我们描述一件事情时这件事情是一个独立的句子，做为主语的宾语，当使用一个句子做宾语时，就被称为“宾语从句”。

定义：使用一个句子做宾语 ^{（主谓宾；主谓双宾；主谓宾+宾补）}

结构：主语 + 谓语 + 引导词 + 陈述句.

功能：补充和扩展主句的含义^{（表达观点）}、帮助构建更复杂和详细的句子结构。它可以用来提供信息、回答问题、表达感觉和态度等。

结论：连接词 + 陈述句 = 宾语从句 ^{选择连接词的原则，分析陈述句缺什么}

尽管 "whether" 通常用于陈述句，但在口语中，人们通常会使用 "if" 来代替 "whether"，而在书面语中，"whether" 更为正式。因此，在大多数情况下，这两个词可以互换使用，但请记住，在书面语或正式场合中，"whether" 更常见。

宾语从句的类型

宾语从句通过只能放到谓语后或者介词后面，最常见的是一个及物动词接单宾或者双宾，其次是介词后跟宾语，形介宾不常见，只需要了解。