Lesson 36 Across the Channel横渡海峡 一般将来时 定语从句 非限定性定语从句

Across the Channel ^横渡 §

across the Atlantic ^{横渡大西洋}

the Channel ＝ the English Channel ^{英吉利海峡(当“C”大写时, 一定是指 the English Channel)}

• swim across the English Channel ^{across是一个介词，需要配合动词使用}
• It's running across the grass.
• It has sailed across the Atlantic many times.
• we were travelling across the Channel.

She is going to set out from the French coast at five o'clock in the morning. ^{set out 出发}

Debbie is only eleven years old and she hopes to set up a new world record.

set up ^{为“创立，建立”(可以指某个具体的事物)}

• set up a school；^{如某个机构、组织等。}
• set up a new world record ^{创造新的世界纪录(也可以指抽象的)}

She is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure to succeed.

feel (that) + 从句 ^{认为…，相信…}

• My parents feel that they can believe in you.

Debbie's father will set out with her in a small boat.

* Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. ^{时间状语从句的主将从现}

swim + 距离 ^{游过多长距离}

• All the world will be watching anxiously as the war broke out.^{(爆发战争)}
• We will be watching anxiously as you went (go) out. ^（牵挂)

注意：条件状语从句^{(真实假设)}与时间状语从句在表示将来时要替换成一般现在时^{(主将从现)}。

Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours.

She will have something to drink but she will not eat any solid food.

something to drink ^{可以喝的东西（不定式作定语）}

• have something to eat/read/do

Most of Debbie's school friends will be waiting for her on the English coast.

most + n. = most of the + n. ^{大多数的…}

• most young people / most of the young people will be waiting ^{将来进行时}
• I will be right here wating for you. ^{确定将要做某事时}

* Among them will be Debbie's mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl.

运动场口语

• Well to go.^干得好
• Well done. ^干得好
• Yea! / Yeah! ^耶~
• bingo ^{int.(因出乎意料的成功而表示兴奋的叫声)瞧!}
• Go！ ^加油

一般将来时

在陈述句和疑问句中, 常常可用 be going to 来替代 shall 或 will。但有时不能用 be going to 代替 shall 或 will。在非正式语体下，要表示意图、打算，强调计划和安排，表示说话人也许对即将发生的事预先有所了解时，一般用 be going to 而不用will。如果表示说话时决定去做某事，或者表示建议、请求、肯定或不肯定等含义时，要用 will 而不用 be going to：

• You won’t forget to bring something to sleep in, will you? ^{（表示建议）}
• Don’t worry! I’ll bring a sleeping bag. ^{（表示决定）}
• I shan’t be able to look after the baby and cook lunch. ^{（表示肯定）}
• I’ll look after the baby while you cook lunch. ^{（表示决定 ）口语中while可以用在非延续性动词中}
• Tomorrow will be Tuesday.

表示将来的词组 §

plan to do / mean to do / aim to do / hope to do / want to do 这类词本身没有将来时态, 本身就表示将来, 用一般现在时表示将来时。

I will do sth.= I intend to do sth.

限定性的定语从句

非限定性的定语从句

限不限定与逗号无关，逗号只是表象，其根本还是名词是否应该处于被限定的范围，这和零冠词的名字与不定冠词之间的区别一样。“重庆”全宇宙就只有一个，所以无需限定。“小李”、“小王”可能在你们班上会有很几个，所以需要限定以表达更准确的名词指向。

非限定性名词类

• 永远确定的：专有名词(太阳、月亮、地球...)、独一无二(父母、七大姑八大姨、国家、城市...)
• 相对确定：在范围内的名词(小李、班主任、数学老师、同桌)，在上下文中只提过一次的。

非限定性定语从句不可以用that，限定性定语从句少了后面的句子, 这句话意思不完整,非限定性定语从句前面的句子完整, 后面的句子起着补充说明的作用，非限定性定语从句一旦有逗号隔开, 后面的句子和前面的句子关系不紧密, 起补充作用。

非限定性定语从句

1. 关系词不可省略^{(限定性做宾语可省略)}
2. 禁止使用"that"^{(无论指人指物)}
3. 指人的时候做宾语，只能使用"whom" §
4. 有逗号隔开。

专有名词

• This is the wall which they built last week. ^{限定性定语从句}
• This is the Great Wall , which world-famous. ^{非限定性定语从句}

He came from Beijing , which is the capital of China.

He came from a city which/that is in the north of China.

This is the businessman who/whom/that/- we are cooperating with.

This is Bill Gates , whom many people know as the richest man.

Among them will be Debbie's mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl.