Lesson 123&124 A trip to Australia澳大利亚之行感叹句 定语从句

Listen to the tape then answer this question: Who is the man with the beard?

MIKE:	Look, Scott. 看。 This is a photograph I took during my trip to Australia. 这是我到澳大利亚旅行时拍的一张照片。
SCOTT:	Let me see it, Mike. 让我看看，迈克。 This is a good photograph. 这是一张很好的照片。 Who are these people? 这些人是谁？
MIKE:	They're people I met during the trip. 他们是我在旅行时认识的人。 That's the ship we travelled on. 这是我们所乘的那条船。
SCOTT:	What a beautiful ship! 多漂亮的船啊！ Who's this? 这是谁？
MIKE:	That's the man I told you about. 这就是我跟你说过的那个人。 Remember? 还记得吗？
SCOTT:	Ah yes. 啊，记得。 The one who offered you a job in Australia. 就是在澳大利亚给你工作做的那个人。
MIKE:	That's right. 对。
SCOTT:	Who's this? 这是谁？
MIKE:	Guess! 你猜
SCOTT:	It's not you, is it? 这不是你，对吗？
MIKE:	That's right. 不，是我。 I grew a beard during the trip, but I shaved it off when I came home. 我在旅行时留了胡子，但我回到家时就把它刮了。
SCOTT:	Why did you shave it off? 你为什么把它刮了？
MIKE:	My wife didn't like it! 我妻子不喜欢！

Lesson 121&122 The man in a hat

Lesson 125&126 Tea for two

10个相关单词

与课文关联的单词

during *

/ˈdjʊərɪŋ/prep. 在…期间

trip

/trɪp/n. 旅行

travel

/ˈtræv(ə)l/v. 旅行

offer

/ˈɒfə(r)/v. 提供

job

/dʒɒb/n. 工作

work *

/wɜːk/v. 工作

guess

/ɡes/v. 猜

grow *

/ɡrəʊ/v. 长，让…生长

beard

/bɪəd/n. (下巴上的)胡子，络腮胡子

kitten

/ˈkɪt(ə)n/n. 小猫

课文理解被省略的“关系词” 更新于:2024-01-31 03:30:55

A trip to Australia. ^{to 去往…}

a trip to Shanghai ^上海之行
a trip to New York ^纽约之行
a train to London ^{开往伦敦的火车}
a bus to King Street ^{开往国王街的公车}

trip^{(短期的、短途的)}	travel^{(长期的、长途的)}	journey^{(中长期、旅程中)}
n.旅行、旅游	v.旅行、旅游	n.旅行，旅程；历程，过程
On Thursday we went out on a day trip. ^{周四我们出去旅行了一天。}	He detested air travel. ^{他厌恶空中旅行。}	The journey time is two hours. ^{旅程时间为两个小时。}
Are you traveling anytime soon? If so, where are you going on your trip? I hope the journey goes smoothly and that you have a great time.

This is a photograph I took during my trip to Australia.^{(关系词做从句的宾语)}

This is	a photograph	关系词^(省略了)	I took during my trip to Australia.
主 + 系	先行词^{（被修饰的词)}	关系词^(省略了)	从句
This is a photograph.		I took a photograph during my trip to Australia.
This is a photograph		which/that	I took during my trip to Australia.
这里的which/that是代替了原句( a photograph)的，是（I took）的宾语。关系词在下面2种情况下可省略：在日常的口语中先行词作宾语时 §

~~This is a photograph.I took which during my trip to Australia.~~

* 组织定语从句的步骤？

找定语 → 找先行词 ^{（被修饰词）}→ 颠倒顺序 → 插入关系词 : This is a gift (which) I bought in the US. ^{这是我在美国买的礼物。}

They are people I met during the trip.

简单句	定语从句	关系词做宾语
They are people. I met the people during the trip.	They are people (whom / who) I met during the trip.	They are people I met during the trip.

~~They are people I met (whom / who) during the trip.~~^{（位置不对）}

They are people I met during my study in the US. ^{他们是我在美国学习期间认识的人。}

定语从句关系词的省略 §

口语中	先行词作宾语时^{(先行词=关系词)}
This is a photo I took during..（I took a photo.）	They are people I met during…（I met the people.）

先行词被省略的演变过程

简单句	定语从句	关系词省略规则
He says he is the man. The man bought these books. ^{先行词（the man）＋关系词（The man ⇒ who）＋句子}	He says he is the man who bought these books. ^{关系词(who)替换的是从句里的The man}	因为这个关系词(who)在第二句话中做主语^{（不能被省略）}
She is the girl. She met me yesterday. ^{先行词（the girl）＋引导词（She ⇒ who）＋句子}	She is the girl who met me yesterday. ^{关系词(who)替换的是从句里的she}	关系词(who)代替了she做主语^{（不能被省略）}
She is the nurse. She looked after me. ^{先行词（the nurse）＋引导词（She ⇒ who）＋句子}	She is the nurse who looked after me. ^{关系词(who)替换的是从句里的she}	关系词(who)代替的She做主语^{（不能被省略）}
That's the ship. We travelled on the ship. ^{先行词（the ship）＋关系词（the ship ⇒ which）＋句子}	That's the ship which we travelled on. ^{关系词(which)替换的是从句里的 the ship 做We travelled的宾语}	That's the ship we travelled on. ^{关系词(which)在从句中做宾语(可被省略)}

He telephoned again. §

如果把这句话说全应该是：He telephoned me again. 这是因为如果2个人谈话，能理解其意思的情况下，可以将宾语省略掉。因为大家都知道被谈论的对象(宾语)是什么。

结论：宾语最大的特性是可以省略掉。

That's the ship we traveled on. ^{那就是我们乘坐的那艘船}

That's the ship.We travelled on the ship.^{分拆成简单句}	~~That's the ship we travelled on which.~~^位置不对
That's the ship which we travelled on. ^{这也是句尾保留“on”的真实原因。}	That’s the bus he traveled on. ^{这就是他乘坐的那辆公交车。}

That's the man I told you about. ^{那就是我跟你谈论过的那人。}

That's the man.I told you about the man. ^简单句	~~That's the man I told you about whom / who.~~^位置不对
That's the man (whom / who) I told you about.	That’s the news I heard about. ^{那就是我听说过的那消息}

The one who offered you a job in Australia.

The one. Someone offered you a job in Australia. ^{这里的who替代的是Someone，在这里是主语，所以是不能被省略的。}

I grew a beard during the trip, but I shaved it off when I came home.

代词^{(只能在中间)}	名词^(在尾部)	名词^(在中间)
shave it off	shave off the beard	shave the beard off
take it off the plane	look at my watch	took the parcel off the plane

语法知识感叹句更新于:2024-01-31 03:31:24

感叹句（Exclamatory Sentence）是一种表达强烈情感、强调或惊讶的句子类型。它们通常以惊叹词或词组开头，如"What"、"How"、"So"、"Such"等，并以感叹号结尾。

What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 可数名词！	How + 形容词/副词 + 主语/动词！	Such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 可数/不可数名词！
What a beautiful sunset! ^{（多美的日落啊！）}	How amazing the performance was! ^{（这场演出太棒了！）}	Such a talented musician! ^{（多么有才华的音乐家！）} Such beautiful weather! ^{（天气真好！）}

这些结构可以根据需要进行组合，以表达不同的感叹情绪和强调语气。感叹句通常用于表达强烈的情感，如惊讶、赞美、喜悦、愤怒等。在书写时，感叹句通常以感叹号结尾。同时，感叹句也可以通过语调和声音的变化来传达强烈的感觉。

How beautiful! ↔ What a beautiful day! How 后面跟形容词，What 后面跟名词短语。

How + adj.\adv. ^{多么的...好...}	What + n. ^{多么的...好...}
How busy!	What a busy day!
How hot!	What a hot room!
How pretty!	What a pretty girl !
How lovely!	What a lovely flower !
How expensive!	What an expensive bag!
How interesting!	What an interesting story!

陈述句变感叹句

陈述句^（单数）	感叹句^{What+a/an＋形容词＋名词(单)}+主语+谓语!
He is a tall boy.	What a tall boy he is!
She is a good student.	What a good student she is!
It is an interesting book.	What an interesting book it is!
It is a beautiful ship.	What a beautiful ship it is!^{(课文内容)}
陈述句^{（复数/不可数）}	What+形容词+名词^{(不可数/可数复数)}+主语+谓语！
it is good news.	What good news it is!
It is hard work.	What hard work it is!
They are beautiful photos.	What beautiful photos they are!
They are good boys.	What good boys they are!

How 与 What 的区别

陈述句	How 感叹^(形容词)	What 感叹^(名词)
He is a tall boy.	How a tall boy he is! 好高的男孩。^{(虽然他还没有你长得高)}	What a tall boy he is! 好一个高的男孩。
She is a good student.	How a good student she is! 强调学习好	What a good student she is! 强调学习好的学生

How 感慨的是形容词，What 感叹的是名词。

感慨形容词	感慨副词
He is clever. → How clever he is!	He runs fast. → How fast he runs!
She is beautiful. → How beautiful she is!	She works hard. → How hard she works!

在口语中：How 直接跟形容词/副词，上面的可以缩写为:How (clever\beautiful\fast\hard)! 可省略：主语+谓语

Aren't you lucky! ^{的变化过程}

You are lucky. ^陈述句
Are you lucky? ^{一般疑问句}
Aren't you lucky? ^{反问疑问句(表达强烈的肯定)}
Aren't you lucky! ^{使用降调说出来，就变成了一个感叹的语句：多么幸运啊！}

It is a beautiful picture.^{陈述变感叹}

Is it a beautiful picture? 一般疑问句
Isn't it a beautiful picture? 反问疑问句
Isn't it a beautiful picture！使用坚定的语气+降调^{(潜台词：“它都这么漂亮了，难道你不觉得吗？”)}

冠词使用细节 ^{a\an出现的最主要原因是解决发音问题，所以它们只与相邻的词首发音所关联产生变化，但为了区别复数与可数名词，所以冠词成为了可选项}

~~What a cold water!~~ ^{水不可数，所以不能使用a}正确用法：What cold water!
~~What a lovely girls!~~ ^{女孩们是复数，前面不能使用a}正确用法：What lovely girls!

课文出现：What a beautiful ship! → How beautiful!

感叹词

Oh ^{惊讶、喜悦、失望等情绪}	Oh, no! I forgot my keys! ^{（哎呀，糟糕！我忘记带钥匙了！）}
Wow ^{惊讶、赞叹或兴奋}	Wow, that's an impressive fireworks display! ^{（哇，那是一个令人印象深刻的烟花表演！）}
Ah ^{理解、疑惑或启示}	Ah, now I see what you mean. ^{（啊，现在我明白你的意思了。）}
Oops ^{犯错误或出乎意料的情况}	Oops, I spilled coffee on my shirt. ^{（哎呀，我把咖啡洒在衬衫上了。）}
Yikes ^{惊恐、惊讶或不愉快的情绪}	Yikes, that was a close call! ^{（呀，那真是千钧一发！）}
Hooray ^{欢呼、庆祝或赞美}	Hooray, we won the championship! ^{（万岁，我们赢得了冠军！）}
Alas ^{悲伤、遗憾或失望}	Alas, the concert has been canceled. ^{（唉，音乐会已经取消了。）}
Bravo ^{赞扬、鼓励或喝彩}	Bravo, you did an excellent job on the presentation! ^{（太棒了，你的演讲做得非常出色！）}

单词句型关系代词更新于:2023-12-10 06:59:32

Who served you?

The man	(who is) standing^{(现在分词做定语修饰名词)} behind the counter.
The woman
The man/woman standing behind the counter (served me).

Who is making all that noise?

The men (who are) repairing the road.

扩展知识定语从句在口语中的应用更新于:2024-01-31 03:06:11

Who eats pudding in the morning?	People who like pudding.
Who studies English in the morning?	People who like English.
I fell in love with someone who didn’t love me back.	I fell in love 我坠入爱河 with someone 和一个人 didn’t love me back 没有爱回来^{(不爱我的人)}
The boy that I was in love with fell in love with another man-Larry Sugarman.	I was in love with 我爱上的 fell in love with another 爱上了别人 another,man-Larry Sugarman. 同位语^{(人名)曼拉里舒格曼}

throw under the bus. ^{出卖、牺牲或背叛某人}

共有2题需要完成

练习题

he gave!^（单选）

A、What a good advice
B、How a good advice
C、What good advice
D、How good advice
interesting book!^（单选）

A、What
B、What a
C、How
D、What an

Lesson 121&122 The man in a hat

Lesson 125&126 Tea for two

Lesson 123&124 A trip to Australia澳大利亚之行 感叹句 定语从句

与课文关联的单词

during *

work *

grow *

课文理解被省略的“关系词” 更新于:2024-01-31 03:30:55

A trip to Australia. to 去往…

This is a photograph I took during my trip to Australia.(关系词做从句的宾语)

关系词(省略了)

* 组织定语从句的步骤？

They are people I met during the trip.

定语从句关系词的省略 §

先行词被省略的演变过程

He telephoned again. §

That's the ship we traveled on. 那就是我们乘坐的那艘船

That's the man I told you about. 那就是我跟你谈论过的那人。

The one who offered you a job in Australia.

I grew a beard during the trip, but I shaved it off when I came home.

语法知识感叹句 更新于:2024-01-31 03:31:24

陈述句变感叹句

How 与 What 的区别

Aren't you lucky! 的变化过程

It is a beautiful picture. 陈述变感叹

冠词使用细节 a\an出现的最主要原因是解决发音问题，所以它们只与相邻的词首发音所关联产生变化，但为了区别复数与可数名词，所以冠词成为了可选项

感叹词

单词句型关系代词 更新于:2023-12-10 06:59:32

Who served you?

Who is making all that noise?

扩展知识定语从句在口语中的应用 更新于:2024-01-31 03:06:11

练习题

he gave!（单选）

interesting book!（单选）

Lesson 123&124 A trip to Australia澳大利亚之行感叹句定语从句