Lesson 3 Please Send Me a Card请给我寄一张明信片一般过去时 主谓双宾

last ^{adj. 上一个}	the last ^{adj. 最后一个}	least ^{adj.最少的（little 的最高级）}
last summer 去年夏天 ^{last 表示 “上一个”}	the last day 最后一天 ^{（具体到一天及一天的早中晚都要用 on）}	She must be at least thirty-five years old.

A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.

Italian 与 Italy ^{重读音的位置不同}

teach sb sth. = teach sth. to sb ^{教某人做某事}
He teaches ~~our~~ us English. taught me a few words of Italian.	He teaches English to us. taught a few words of Italian to me.

某个国家的语言不可数

a little ^{一点儿，少量(接不可数名词)}	a few ^{几个(接可数名词复数)}
I can speak a little English. Letters will cost a little more, but...	a few words of Italian. I can speak a few words of English.

a few 与可数名词的复数连用，表示肯定，含有 some，a small number of^{（一些，少数几个）}的意思。

The police would like to ask him a few questions. ^{警察要问他一些问题。}

I visited museums and sat in public gardens. ^{访问了多个博物馆还坐在某个公共的花园里休息}

lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.^借出		borrow sth. from sb. / borrow sth.^{（borrow 不能用 borrow sb sth.）}
Then he lent me a book. I asked him to lend me twenty pounds.	Then he lent a book to me. He lend the money to me immediately.	I don't like to borrow (money) from friends.^{我不喜欢向朋友借钱。} he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back.

I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word.

read 的原型是 /ri:d/，过去式/分词是 /rɛd/。单词不变读音变！

原型	过去式	过去分词
stand	stood	stood
understand	understood	understood
read /ri:d/	read /rɛd/	read /rɛd/

Everyday I thought about postcards. ^{过去的每天}

everyday ^{adj. 每天，修饰名词。}	every day ^{与句子搭配做时间状语}
The Internet has become part of everyday life. ^{每天的生活}	I study every day. ^每天学习

think about/of ^{考虑, 思考(指某一段时间一直在想/考虑某事)}	think over ^{仔细考虑，反复思考}
What do you think of? What do you think of TV program last night? What do you think of the weather today? ^{你觉得天气怎么样?}	We must think over what he said.^{我们必须仔细思考他说的话。} I thought over her words. ^{我认真考虑过她的话。} Can I persuade you to think over our propose.^{我劝你仔细考虑我们的建议。}

My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends.

send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb.
but I did not send my friends cards.	but I did not send cards to my friends.

I got up early and bought...

early ^adj.早的	late ^{adj. 晚的}
get up early/late ^{起床早/晚}	stay up late ^熬夜

I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!

spend 与表示时间的词或短语连和时，意思为“花（时间）”、“度过”，必须是人做主语。

spend + 时间	spend time + on sth.	I spent a year on English.
	spend time + (in) doing sth.	I spent a year in studying English. ^{in可以省略}
	spend time + in/on/at + 地点	She spends three hours in the sea. He spends my weekend at my mother's. You spend three hours in the classroom everyday. I spent a lot of time in traffic jam.^{(交通堵塞)}
spend + 钱	spend money	If we spend all the money, we'll be poor again.
spend + 钱	spend money + on + sth.	I can't spend any more on this car.

语法知识一般过去时&双宾语更新于:2024-03-24 02:33:50

一般过去时通常表示完全发生在过去的而现在已经结束的事件与现在无关(以前是这样而现在不了)。它通常指动作何时发生，而不指动作持续多久(与现在完成时的差别：现在完成发生在过去而与现在有关并持续)。

主语 + v. ^{过去式 (did)}	主语 + was/were + 非动词
I went to the park yesterday. 我昨天去的^{(言外：今天没去)} She ate an apple this morning.早上吃的^{(言外：现在没吃)} We played basketball last night.昨晚打球^{(言外：今天没打)} She had a boyfriend. 她以前有一个男朋友。^{(言外：现在没有)}	Tom was a student. 汤姆以前是学生。^{(言外：现在不是)} It was my aunt Lucy. The play was very interesting.

句型	Be 动词^(过去式)	动词过去式	三单
过去式	You were happy.	They had a meeting.	She was Chinese.
否定句	You were not happy.	They did not have a meeting.	She was not Chinese.
一般疑问句	Were you happy?	Did they have a meeting?	Was she a Chinese?
特殊疑问句	How were you?	What did do/how?	What was she?

直接宾语和间接宾语

主谓	间接宾语^{（动作目标，动作是谁做的或为谁做的，通常是人）}	直接宾语^{（表示动作结果，动作所涉及的事物）}
I gave	him	a book.
I bought	her	a present.

间接宾语大多数情况下置于直接宾语之前，如果间接宾语在后，间接宾主前必须加“to” ^{（表示动作对什么人做）}或“for”^{（表示动作为什么人而做）}

give sb. sth.	give sth. to sb
双宾语通常情况一个是人，一个是物。物永远是直接宾语，人则为间接宾语！
Give her the key.	Give the key to her.

哪些及物动词^（vt.）能接双宾语？

通过意思去判断。上面提到双宾语直接宾语是物，间接宾语为人。
eat? 吃直接宾语(✓)，吃间接宾语？？？(×)

常用可以接双宾语的动词：send , teach, lend, give, ask, tell, offer,cook, buy, get, make, write, bring, show ...

动词	直接宾语	间接宾语	例子
send	a letter	my friend	I sent a letter to my friend.
teach	how to write		My teacher taught me how to write.
lend	my book		I lent my friend my book.
give	a present		I gave my friend a present.
ask	for help		I asked my friend for help.
tell	a joke		I told my friend a joke.
offer	a ride		I offered my friend a ride.
cook	dinner		My mom cooked me dinner.
buy	a gift		I bought my friend a gift.
get	a cup of coffee		I got my friend a cup of coffee.
make	a cake		My mom made me a cake.
write	a letter		I wrote my friend a letter.
bring	a book		I brought my friend a book.
show	my new car		I showed my friend my new car.

双宾语动词 + sb. + sth. = 双宾语动词 + sth. + to / for + sb.

to ^{动词向对方给的方向}	for ^{动词为了什么目的}
He lent me a book. = He lent a book to me.^{他借给了我一本书/他借了一本书给我。}	I cooked him a meal. = I cooked a meal for him. ^{我为他做了一餐(目的是为了给他做饭)。}

给某人做某事	帮某人一个忙 ^{do sb. a favor}
当间接宾语在后时，直接宾语前必须加 "to"^{（对...而言）}或 "for"^{（为...而做）}
I did my homework. ^主谓宾 I did my homework for my teacher. ^主谓双宾 I did my homework for my parents. I did the dishes for my mom. I did the laundry for my dad. I did the yard work for my brother.	Can you do me a favor? = Can you do a favor for me? Can you help me with this? Do me a favor please. ^{帮我一个忙。} Can I do something for you? ^{我可以帮你做点什么？} Can I order something for you? ^{我可以帮你点什么吗？} Can I buy you a bottle of beer? ^{我可以给你买瓶啤酒吗？(请你喝杯酒)}

可以翻译为 "给"、"替"、"为" 的，就用 "for"；如果只能翻译为 "给" 的，就用 "to"。

扩展知识考试真题更新于:2024-03-24 02:35:53

中考真题	高考真题
Paul and I played tennis yesterday. He did much better than I. They invited her to the party, so she was very happy.	The three of us travelled around Europe for about a month last summer. Did you ask Sophia for help?-I need to - I didn't managed perfectly well on my own. Kevin, you look worried. Anything wrong?Well, I took a test and I' m waiting for the result.

不规则动词的变化 §

原型	过去式	过去分词	现在分词
send	sent	sent
lend	lent	lent
spend	spent	spent
spoil	spoiled	spoiled
spoil	spoilt	spoilt
catch	caught	caught
teach	taught	taught
think	thought	thought
seek	sought	sought
fight	fought	fought
buy	bought	bought
bring	brought	brought
read	read	read
understand	understood	understood
make	made	made	making
write	wrote	written	writing
find	found	found

The way to a man's heart is through his stomach. ^{要抓住男人的心，先抓住他的胃。}

共有7题需要完成

练习题

Mary and I (talk) about your book hours ago.^（填空）

talked
They (have) a meeting yesterday.^（填空）

had
Tom (be) a student when he was ten years old.^（填空）

was
him a few words of Italian? The waiter.^（单选）

A、Who taught
B、Who did teach
C、What did he teach
D、Whom did he teach
He spent the whole day in his room. He was in his room day.^（单选）

A、the hole
B、the all
C、all
D、all of all (the) day
On the last day he made a big decision. It was the day of his holiday^（单选）

A、final
B、end
C、latest
D、bottom
He made a big decision. He .^（单选）

A、thought about it
B、made up his mind
C、changed his mind
D、made a wish think about

Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?

Lesson 4 An exciting trip

Lesson 3 Please Send Me a Card请给我寄一张明信片 一般过去时 主谓双宾

与课文关联的单词

spoil *

public *

single *

decide *

课文理解纠结 更新于:2024-03-24 02:27:10

Postcards always spoil my holidays. 一般现在

Last summer, I went to Italy. 一般过去

A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.

Italian 与 Italy 重读音的位置不同

某个国家的语言不可数

I visited museums and sat in public gardens. 访问了多个博物馆还坐在某个公共的花园里休息

I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word.

Everyday I thought about postcards. 过去的每天

My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends.

I got up early and bought...

I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!

语法知识一般过去时&双宾语 更新于:2024-03-24 02:33:50

直接宾语和间接宾语

哪些及物动词（vt.）能接双宾语？

双宾语动词 + sb. + sth. = 双宾语动词 + sth. + to / for + sb.

扩展知识考试真题 更新于:2024-03-24 02:35:53

不规则动词的变化 §

练习题

Mary and I (talk) about your book hours ago.（填空）

They (have) a meeting yesterday.（填空）

Tom (be) a student when he was ten years old.（填空）

him a few words of Italian? The waiter.（单选）

He spent the whole day in his room. He was in his room day.（单选）

On the last day he made a big decision. It was the day of his holiday（单选）

He made a big decision. He .（单选）

Lesson 3 Please Send Me a Card请给我寄一张明信片一般过去时主谓双宾

课文理解纠结更新于:2024-03-24 02:27:10

Postcards always spoil my holidays. ^一般现在

Last summer, I went to Italy. ^一般过去

Italian 与 Italy ^{重读音的位置不同}

I visited museums and sat in public gardens. ^{访问了多个博物馆还坐在某个公共的花园里休息}

Everyday I thought about postcards. ^{过去的每天}

语法知识一般过去时&双宾语更新于:2024-03-24 02:33:50

哪些及物动词^（vt.）能接双宾语？

扩展知识考试真题更新于:2024-03-24 02:35:53

Mary and I (talk) about your book hours ago.^（填空）

They (have) a meeting yesterday.^（填空）

Tom (be) a student when he was ten years old.^（填空）

him a few words of Italian? The waiter.^（单选）

He spent the whole day in his room. He was in his room day.^（单选）

On the last day he made a big decision. It was the day of his holiday^（单选）

He made a big decision. He .^（单选）