Lesson 14 A noble gangster贵族歹徒 写作范文
Listen to the tape then answer the question below: How did Hawkwood make money in times of peace?
There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection'.
If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop.
Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime.
As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.
Six hundred years ago, Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence.
He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto.
Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded.
In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them.
Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way. In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero.
When he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue’.
与课文关联的单词
gangster
/ˈɡæŋstə(r)/n. 歹徒,强盗Chicago
/ʃɪˈkɑːɡəʊ/n. 芝加哥(美国城市)protection
/prəˈtekʃ(ə)n/n. 保护promptly
/ˈprɒmptli/adv. 准时地destroy
/dɪˈstrɔɪ/v. 毁掉;消灭remarkable
/rɪˈmɑːkəb(ə)l/adj. 不寻常的band *
/bænd/n. 帮,团伙Florence
/ˈflɒrəns/n. 佛罗伦萨(意大利城市)city-state
/ˈsɪti steɪt/n. (古代)城邦hire *
/ˈhaɪə(r)/v. 租出,雇给prince
/prɪns/n. 君主,诸侯Florentine
/ˈflɒrəntaɪn/n. 佛罗伦萨人funeral
/ˈfjuːnərəl/n. 葬礼dedicate *
/ˈdedɪkeɪt/v. 奉献,题献给memory
/ˈmeməri/n. 纪念valiant
/ˈvæliənt/adj. 英勇的引起 更新于:2024-04-26 14:37:48
There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection'. 无灵主语开头(复合句)
there was a time when ...= once 曾经、曾几何时、当年 | There was a time when I was down and out. 曾经有一段时间我穷困潦倒。 |
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there are times when ... = sometimes 有时候 |
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there are rare instances when ... = occasionally 很少有…的情况偶尔 | There are rare instances when justice almost ceases to be an abstract concept. NCE3-35 |
business | n.商业、事务 (不可数) |
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n.公司 (可数) | A recent case concerns Jane Butlin whose fiancé, John, runs a successful furniture business. |
pay large sums of money 支付了大笔的钱 | |
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make large sums of money 赚了大笔的钱 | Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way. |
earn enormous sums of money 发财了、赚大钱 | He earned enormous sums of money ... |
in return for 作为回报、换取 |
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in exchange for ... 换取、交换 | They were given food and shelter in exchange for work. |
in compensation for ... 作为弥补 | She received $10,000 in compensation for her injuries at work. |
in memory of ... 为纪念、追忆... | He founded the charity in memory of his late wife. 他创办了这一慈善事业以纪念他已故的妻子。 |
in honor of ... 向…致敬,向…表示敬意;为庆祝… |
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in appreciation of ... 为了感谢… |
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If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. 条件状语从句开头(复合句)
put sb. out of business 使某人破产;使无法进行 | |
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make sb. broke / bankrupt 使某人破产 | |
put sb. out of work 使某人失业 | The changing economic conditions have put many people out of work. |
Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime. 长→短→长 ;无灵主语开头(简单句)
Obtain v.获取、获得(本句理解为勒索) | He had sought to obtain payment of a sum which he had claimed was owed to him. 他曾试图获得一笔他声称是欠他的钱。 |
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extort sth. 勒索某物 | Gangsters used to extort money from local businessmen. |
blackmail sb. 敲诈某人 | Someone was trying to blackmail him with pictures of him and his mistress. |
As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters. 介词短语作时间状语开头(复合句)
as long ago as ... 早在...就... | As long ago as the 15th century BC, the temple was used as a place of worship.早在公元前十五世纪,这座庙宇就被当作做礼拜的场所。 |
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as early as ... 早在…的时候 | He started writing music as early as 1989. 他早在1989年就开始作曲了。 |
Sir Winston Churchill 温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士(国王册封才行)
- Mr. 先生(成年男子皆可用)
- Sir Winston 简写时Sir + 名
- Mr. Churchill Mr. + 姓
would rather / sooner do than do 宁可做...也不做...
- prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做而不愿做(偏爱)
- prefer doing to doing 更喜欢做某事而不是做另一件事
- would rather / sooner(that)...虚拟语气
- I'd rather (that) Susan were here now. 真希望...
have sth. done 使某事被做(请某人做某事;使役动词)
- He had his watch stolen. 倒霉的经历(不是请人把他表偷了)
- King Charles I had his head cut off.
过去 更新于:2024-04-26 14:46:49
Six hundred years ago, Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence.副词短语作时间状语开头(复合句)
造句:As long ago as 1994, I arrived in Beijing with my parents and settled near the Temple of Heaven.早在1994年,我就随父母到了北京,并在天坛附近定居了下来。
settle down 安定下来(浪子回头)
- They'd like to see their daughter settle down, get married, and have kids.
- Assuming that his family had been killed during an air raid, Hans settled down in a village fifty miles away where he had remained ever since. NCE3-36
He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. 主谓结构开头(复合句)
make a name for oneself = become famous 出名、成名了 | Ge You first made a name for himself in the movie 'Wan Zhu'. |
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become famous overnight 一夜成名 | With the success of their first record,they became famous overnight. |
rise to fame 变得出名、成名、出名 | Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing match when he was only fourteen years old. |
A be known to B as ... B把A称为⋯
- He was known to us all as Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died. NCE3-31
造句:Li Bai is known to the Chinese as 'poet-immortal'. 中国人把李白称诗仙
造句:Basketball player Earvin Johnson soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Americans as 'Magic Johnson'. 篮球运动员迅速出名了,并且美国人开始把他称为“魔术师约翰逊“。
Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. 让步状语从句开头(复合句)
be at war with ... 与…交战 | China had been at war with Japan for 8 years. |
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declare war on ... 向…宣战 | The Chinese government has declared war on official corruption. |
wage war on ... 对…发动战争 | We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops. NCE3-54 |
In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them. 介词短语作时间状语开头(复合句)
Business is bad / slow / slack. 生意不好、不景气 |
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Business is good / booming. 生意好、兴隆 |
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- The general commanded his men to fire. 他的士兵们
- He contented himself with a subordinate job. 他满足于做下属工作。
造句:As long ago as the 1930's, the Red Army had completed the successful Long March during which they covered 25,000 li.早在20世纪30年代,红军就完成了伟大的长征,在这期间他们走过了25,000里。
offer to do ... 主动提出做某事 | I think you might at least offer to help! 我认为你至少应该主动提出帮忙吧! |
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volunteer to do ... 自愿提示做某事 | Jill volunteered to go with me to the hospital. |
除了使用If做条件还可以使用下面的
provided (that) ... 假如...、但是 | We'll hold the concert on next Monday provided / providing that the weather is good. 如果天气好的话,我们将在下周一举行音乐会。 |
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providing (that) ... 若是、如果 | I will join the club provided / providing that you do too. 我愿意加入俱乐部,如果你也愿意的话。 |
as / so long as ... 只要... | 'So long as there's something to identify, we will give people their money back,' said a spokeswoman for the Bank. |
on condition (that) ... 只要满足这个条件就 | John will go on condition that Mary is invited too. 约翰愿意去,条件是玛丽也得到邀请。 |
only if ... 只有... |
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In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. 介词短语作让步状语开头(简单句)
regard sb. as 视为,认为
- To do something my brain would regard as creative. 做一些我的大脑认为有创造性的事情。
- We regard her as our younger sister.我们把她当做自己的妹妹。
- Don't regard me as a child. 别把我当成小孩看待。
When he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue’. 时间状语从句开头(复合句)
a state funeral 国葬
- a state visit 国事访问
- a state banquet 国宴
- state affairs 国是(事)
- the State Council 国务院
造句:When Ronald Reagan died at the age of 93, the Americans gave him a state funeral and had a statue built which was dedicated to the memory of the great president.当罗纳德里根在93 岁去世时,美国人为他举行了一次国葬,并请人塑了一尊塑像以纪念这位伟大的总统。
高级作文句子要领
- 复合句为主,简单句作为点缀和过渡。
- 句式多变,尤其句首切忌雷同。
练习题
The drowning child was saved by Dick's action.(单选)
A、acuteB、profoundC、alertD、prompt