Lesson 51 Reward for Virtue对美德的奖赏 一般过去时

First listen and then answer the question: Why did Hugh's diet not work?

My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet.

我的朋友休一直很胖,但是近来情况变得越发糟糕,以致他决定节食。

He began his diet a week ago.

他是一星期前开始节食的。

First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.

首先,他开列了一张长长的单子,上面列了所有禁吃的食物。

The list included most of the things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets.

这张单子上的大多数食物都是休喜欢吃的 : 黄油、土豆、米饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果。

Yesterday I paid him a visit.

昨天我去看望了他。

I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever.

我按响了门铃,当看到休仍和往常一样胖时,我并不感到惊奇。

He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk.

他把我领进屋,慌忙把一个大包藏到了桌子下面。

It was obvious that he was very embarrassed.

显然他感到很尴尬。

When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk.

当我问他正干什么时,他内疚地笑了,然后把那个大包拿到了桌上。

He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally.

他解释说,他的饮食控制得太严格了,以致不得不偶尔奖赏自己一下。

Then he showed me the contents of the parcel.

接着他给我看了包里的东西。

It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!

里面装了 5 大块巧克力和 3 袋糖果!
9个相关单词

与课文关联的单词

reward

/rɪˈwɔːd/n. 报偿 v. 给奖赏

virtue

/ˈvɜːtʃuː/n. 美德

diet *

/ˈdaɪət/n. 节食

forbid

/fəˈbɪd/v. 禁止

hurriedly

/ˈhʌrɪdli/adv. 匆忙地

embarrass

/ɪmˈbærəs/v. 使尴尬

guiltily

/ˈɡɪltɪli/adv. 内疚地

strict

/strɪkt/adj. 严格的

occasionally

/əˈkeɪʒnəli/adv. 偶尔地

课文理解管住嘴、迈开腿 更新于:2024-02-22 10:54:18

My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet.

so...that... (结果状语从句)太...所以...(本身翻译为:如此...以至于...不符合中文表达)

things 可以表示“情况,情形,状况,形势”等

  • You’re surely made things worse. 你肯定把事情搞得更糟了。
  • How are things going on with you? 你过得怎么样?

on a diet 节食

  • The doctor put him on a strict diet. 医生让他严格控制饮食。
  • I once went on a diet for a week and then I gave up.我曾经节食了一个星期,然后我放弃了。

First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.

the foods which were forbidden = the forbidden foods 被禁止的食物

  • the Forbidden City 紫禁城;故宫
  • The Forbidden Kingdom 天庭;《功夫之王》
  • the Forbidden Forest 禁忌森林
first of all 首先(all里的first=首要的)at first 首先(在first上=顺序)  at first…, then… 起先…然后…
First of all I must see your passpart.Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs...

The list included most of the things (that) Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate; and sweets.

most of… 大部分…

includ (广义)包含(全部事物)contain (容器里)包含(部分事物)
  • It included three bags of sweets.
  • Does the bill include a tip?
  • We’re including you in our team.
  • Most vegetables contain fibre.大多数蔬菜含有纤维。
  • This drink doesn't contain any alcohol.这种饮料不含任何酒精。
  • Some mushrooms contain a deadly poison.有些蘑菇含有致命毒素。

Yesterday I paid him a visit.

pay sb. a visit 拜访某人(付出一个访问)

  • Pay you a visit.  拜访你
  • pay a visit to sb./someplace 拜访某人/某地.
  • call up sb./at someplace 拜访某人/某地
  • have a visit = visit 访问

I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever.

as…as ever 像往常一样,照旧,依然

  • as clean as ever 比较状语
  • as quiet as ever 比较状语
  • as fat as he ever was 比较状语从句
be surprised to do sth.某事感到惊讶be surprised at sth.对某事感到惊讶
  • I was surprised to find a $100 bill in my pocket. (我惊讶地发现口袋里有一张 100 美元的钞票。)
  • She was surprised to hear that her friend had gotten married. (她惊讶地听到她的朋友已经结婚了。)
  • They were surprised to learn that their company was going bankrupt. (他们惊讶地得知他们的公司要破产了。)
  • I was surprised at the high cost of the repairs. (我对修理费用之高感到惊讶。)
  • She was surprised at the lack of effort he put into the project. (她对他对这个项目投入的精力不足感到惊讶。)
  • They were surprised at the government's decision to cut funding for education. (他们对政府削减教育资金的决定感到惊讶。)

He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk.

lead sb. into (进门)
  • He led her into the living room. (他带她进了客厅。)
  • The police led the suspect into the interrogation room. (警察带嫌疑人进了审讯室。)
  • Could you please lead me into the conference room? (请带我进会议室好吗?)
show sb. out(出门)
  • I'll show you out. (我送你出去。)
  • The waiter showed the guests out of the restaurant. (服务员送客人出了餐厅。)
  • Please show me out when you're ready. (你准备好了就送我出去吧。)
see sb. off(送行)
  • I'll see you off at the airport. (我在机场送你。)
  • They saw their friends off at the train station. (他们在火车站送别了朋友。)
  • We saw him off as he boarded the ship. (我们看着他登上船挥手告别。)
  • Take someone to 带某人去某个地方 (侧重于目的地)
  • Bring someone to 带某人来某个地方 (侧重于来源)
  • Walk someone to  陪某人走到某个地方 (侧重于陪伴)
  • Escort someone to 护送某人去某个地方 (侧重于安全)

It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. 主语从句

obviously = it was obvious that…(it 为形式主语) 显然…

  • He was obviously very embarrassed.
  • Obviously, he was very embarrassed.
  • His embarrassment was obvious.
  • That he was very embarrassed was obvious. 去掉形式主语

When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk.

When 引出的时间状语从句,包括了一个接双宾语的宾语从句。然后使用and将句子并列。
事情1(when + 从句)事情2(宾语从句连接)分割(时间状语从句)事情3(when的主句1)并列事情4(主句2)
When I asked himwhat he was doing,he smiled guiltilyandthen put the parcel on the desk.

He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally.宾语从句里包括了so...that 结果状语从句。

主句宾语从句
He explainedthat his diet wasso strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. 结果状语从句
他解释到解释的内容

It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!

include v.包含 (抽象的包括)

contain v. 包含(实体容器可能真实的装入)

扩展知识易混淆词Raise & Rise 更新于:2024-02-22 10:36:06

raise(靠外力升起)作动词时只能作及物vt.动词即它必须跟宾语。它可以表示“举起,往上提,使…升高”等含义
  • Will those who agree with me please raise their hands?
  • Why did they raise prices?
  • Heavy rains have raised the level of the river this year.
rise (自主升起)作动词时通常为不及物vi.动词表示“起立,起床,(日、月等)升起”等含义
  • You’re still in bed and the sun has already risen!
  • All the students rose when the teacher came into the classroom.
lie说谎(规则变化)lied lied lying
躺/处于;位于lay lain lying
laylie 的过去式
放置、摆放/产卵;下蛋laid laid laying
lay(laid,laid) vt. 置,搁,下蛋,准备lie(lay,lain) vi. 躺,平卧
  • I laid your clothes on the bed so you could put them away.
  • If you can’t cook the dinner, you can at least lay the table.

Are you going to spend the whole morning lying in bed?

  1. I lay in bed till 10 o' clock last Sunday morning.
  2. It is nice to get up in the morning, but it's nicer to lie in bed.
  3. Lay those parcels on the floor, please.
  4. Haven' t you laid the table yet?
beat vt. 打败,战胜,胜过,超过win vt. 在…获胜(成功),赢得,获得,夺得
  • They beat their enemy, though they were fewer in number.
  • I beat you. 我打败了你。表示一个球队打败另一个球队也用 beat。
Who won the race/ the war?beat 后面接对手,win 不能接对手。
原型 (do)过去式 (did)过去分词 (done)现在分词 (doing)
forbidforbadeforbiddenforbidding
leadledled 
共有2题需要完成

练习题

  1. How long ago his diet?(单选)
    A、will he begin
    B、has he begun
    C、was he beginning
    D、did he begin
  2. He was very embarrassed. He felt .(单选)
    A、shy
    B、shameful
    C、hot
    D、uncomfortable